Ishishini lebhetri okwangoku liqhuba inguqu enkulu njengoko inkqubela phambili yobuchwepheshe kunye neenkxalabo zokusingqongileyo ziqhuba uphuhliso lobuchwepheshe obutsha kunye nokuphuculwa kwebhetri.Ukusuka kwimfuno ekhulayo yezithuthi zombane ukuya kwimfuno ekhulayo yezisombululo zokugcina amandla, ishishini lebhetri liqhuba inguqu eyenza indlela esilawula ngayo ihlabathi.Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga iindlela zamva nje kwishishini lebhetri kunye nokuba ziyichaphazela njani imizi-mveliso ukusuka kwiimoto ukuya kumandla avuselelekayo.
Enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo kwishishini lebhetri kukukhula okukhawulezayo kwemarike yemoto yombane (EV).Ngemizamo yokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi ye-greenhouse kunye nokulwa nokutshintsha kwemozulu, amazwe amaninzi kunye nee-automakers batyala imali eninzi kwiimoto zombane.Oku kukhokelele ekunyukeni kwemfuno yeebhetri ezisebenza kakhulu ezinokubonelela ngoluhlu olude kunye namaxesha amafutshane okutshaja kwizithuthi zombane.Ngenxa yoko, kukho ukugxila okwandayo ekuphuhliseni iibhetri ze-lithium-ion eziphambili, iibhetri ze-slid-state, kunye nezinye iteknoloji yesizukulwana esilandelayo ukuphucula amandla ombane, ixesha elide kunye nokhuseleko.
Omnye umkhwa ophambili kushishino lweebhetri kukwanda kokusetyenziswa kweenkqubo zokugcina amandla ukudibanisa amandla ahlaziyekayo.Njengoko ihlabathi litshintshela kumhlaba ozinzileyo wamandla, imfuno yezisombululo ezisebenzayo zokugcina amandla ibaluleke kakhulu.Iibhetri zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekugcineni amandla agqithisileyo aveliswa yimithombo yamandla ahlaziyekayo efana nelanga nomoya, emva koko iwakhulule xa ifuneka ukulinganisa igridi kunye nokuqinisekisa unikezelo lwamandla oluthembekileyo.Oku kukhokelele ekuhanjisweni kweeprojekthi ezinkulu zokugcina iibhetri kunye nophuhliso lweekhemistri zeebhetri ezivelisa izinto ezintsha kunye noyilo olulungiselelwe usetyenziso lwegridi.
Ukongeza, imfuno yezixhobo zombane eziphathwayo iyaqhubeka nokuqhuba izinto ezintsha kubathengi be-elektroniki.Abathengi bafuna ubomi obude bebhetri, ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza kunye netekhnoloji yebhetri ekhuselekileyo kwii-smartphones zabo, iilaptops kunye nezinye izixhobo.Oku kuye kwakhokelela ekubeni uphando oluqhubekayo kunye neenzame zophuhliso lokuphucula ukusebenza kunye nokhuseleko lweebhetri ze-lithium-ion, kunye nokuhlolwa kwezinye iikhemistri ezifana neebhetri ze-slid-state kunye neebhetri ze-lithium-sulfur.Ukongeza, intsingiselo ye-miniaturization kunye ne-elektroniki ebhetyebhetye iqhuba uphuhliso lweebhetri ezibhityileyo, ezikhaphukhaphu kunye nezigobekayo ezinokunika amandla isizukulwana esilandelayo sezixhobo ezinxitywayo kunye namalaphu akrelekrele.
Kwicandelo lezoshishino, imfuno yezisombululo ezithembekileyo kunye neendleko zokugcina amandla ziqhuba ukwamkelwa kweebhetri kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa amandla okulondoloza, ukucheba okuphezulu kunye nokulinganisa umthwalo.Lo mkhwa ubonakala ngokukodwa kumashishini afana nonxibelelwano, amaziko edatha kunye nokuvelisa, apho ukunikezelwa kwamandla okungaphazamiseki kubaluleke kakhulu kwimisebenzi yabo.Ke ngoko, kukho imfuno ekhulayo yeetekhnoloji zebhetri eziphucukileyo ezinoxinano lwamandla aphezulu, ubomi bomjikelo omde, kunye nokukwazi ukusebenza kwiimeko ezinzima zokusingqongileyo.
Ukongeza, iphulo elibhekiselele kwi-decarbonization kunye nokufakelwa kombane likhuthaza ukuqalwa kwezinto ezintsha kushishino lwaselwandle nolweenqwelomoya.Iinkqubo zokuqhutywa kombane kwiinqanawa kunye neenqwelomoya ziya zisiba nokwenzeka ngakumbi njengoko iteknoloji yebhetri yenza unyamezelo olude kunye neziphumo eziphezulu zamandla.Lo mkhwa uqhuba uphuhliso lweebhetri eziphezulu zamandla kunye nokuphononongwa kwezinye iifutha ezifana ne-hydrogen edityaniswe neebhetri ze-hybrid propulsion systems.
Ukongeza kwinkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji, ishishini lebhetri likwangqina utshintsho olusingise ekufumaneni okuzinzileyo kunye nokuziphatha okusesikweni kwemathiriyeli ekrwada.Ukumbiwa kwamaminerali afana ne-lithium, i-cobalt kunye ne-nickel, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kwimveliso yebhetri, iphakamise inkxalabo malunga neempembelelo zendalo kunye nemiba yamalungelo oluntu kwiindawo zemigodi.Ngenxa yoko, kukho ugxininiso olwandayo kwizenzo zokukhangela ezinoxanduva kunye neenzame zokuphuhlisa ukurisayikilishwa kunye nezisombululo zoqoqosho olusetyhula ukuze kuncitshiswe indawo ekhoyo yokusingqongileyo yokuvelisa nokulahlwa kwebhetri.
Ukongeza, ukugxila okukhulayo ekusebenzeni kwamandla kunye nokunciphisa iindleko kuqhuba uphuhliso lweenkqubo zokwenziwa kwebhetri.Ukusuka kwimveliso ye-electrode ukuya kwindibano yebhetri, sisebenza kunye ukukhulisa iindlela zokuvelisa, ukunciphisa inkunkuma kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokwenziwa kweebhetri.Oku kuquka ukusebenzisa i-automation, idijithali kunye nobuchwepheshe bokufunda koomatshini ukuphucula ulawulo lomgangatho kunye nokuphucula inkqubo.
Ukujonga phambili, ishishini lebhetri liya kuqhubeka likhula kwaye livelise izinto ezintsha njengoko imfuno yezisombululo zokugcina amandla iqhubeka nokukhula kuwo wonke amashishini.Ukudityaniswa kwenkqubela phambili yezobuchwepheshe, ukuzinza kokusingqongileyo kunye neemfuno zentengiso kuqhuba uphuhliso lweebhetri zesizukulwana esilandelayo ezinikezela ukusebenza okuphezulu, ukhuseleko olwandisiweyo kunye nokunciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo.Njengoko ishishini liqhubeleka nokuvela, abachaphazelekayo kufuneka basebenzisane kwaye batyale imali kwi-R&D ukulungisa imingeni kunye namathuba emarike yebhetri eguqukayo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-15-2024