Igama elithi ibhetri linentsingiselo ebalulekileyo kulwimi lwemihla ngemihla nakwindawo yomthetho.Ukusetyenziswa kwemihla ngemihla kubhekisela kwizixhobo ezigcina kwaye zibonelele amandla ombane, ngelixa emthethweni kubandakanya ukudibana komzimba ngabom kunye nokungekho mthethweni nabanye.Eli nqaku liza kuphonononga kwiintsingiselo ezimbini zeebhetri, liphonononga iimpembelelo zabo zobugcisa kunye nezomthetho.
Kwingqiqo yobugcisa, ibhetri sisixhobo esiguqula amandla ekhemikhali abe ngamandla ombane.Ngumthombo wamandla oqhelekileyo wezixhobo zombane ezininzi, ukusuka kwizinto ezincinci zasekhaya ezifana nolawulo olukude kunye nezibane ukuya kwizixhobo ezinkulu ezifana neelaptops kunye nee-smartphones.Ukubaluleka kweebhetri kubomi banamhlanje akunakugqithiswa njengoko zenza izixhobo ezininzi kunye nezixhobo eziphathwayo kwaye zisebenze.
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeebhetri, kubandakanywa i-alkaline, i-lithium-ion, i-nickel-cadmium, kunye ne-lead-acid, nganye ineempawu ezizodwa kunye nokusetyenziswa.Iibhetri ze-alkaline ziqhele ukusetyenziswa kwizixhobo ezinamandla aphantsi ezifana newotshi kunye namathoyizi, ngelixa iibhetri ze-lithium-ion zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwii-smartphones, ii-laptops kunye neemoto zombane ngenxa yobuninzi bamandla abo.Eyaziwayo ngokuhlala kunye nokukwazi ukuphatha izicelo ezilambele amandla, iibhetri ze-nickel-cadmium zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwizixhobo zamandla kunye nezixhobo zonyango.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iibhetri ze-lead-asidi zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiimoto kunye neenkqubo zobonelelo lwamandla angaphazamisekiyo (UPS).
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ingcamango yomthetho yebhetri ihluke kakhulu kwingcamango yayo yobugcisa.Ngokomthetho, ibhetri kukubamba okanye ukubetha okungekho mthethweni ngabom komnye umntu ngaphandle kwemvume yakhe.Luhlobo oluthile lobugwenxa, ububi obubangela umonakalo okanye ilahleko emntwini.Ibhetri ihlala inxulunyaniswa nohlaselo, kodwa ezi zimbini zizenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho ezahlukeneyo.Uhlaselo lubandakanya ukoyikiswa kokwenzakala emzimbeni, ngelixa ibhetri ibandakanya ukudibana ngokwasemzimbeni.
Izinto ezintathu kufuneka zibe khona ukuze zenze uhlaselo: ummangalelwa uchukumisa ummangali ngenjongo, ngaphandle kwemvume yommangali, kwaye ukuchukumisa akukho siseko somthetho.Umba owenziwe ngabom ubalulekile, njengoko ukudibana ngempazamo akwenzi umonakalo webhetri.Ngaphaya koko, ukunqongophala kwemvume kuyayahlula ibhetri kuqhagamshelwano oluvunyelweneyo lomzimba, njengokuxhawulana okanye ukuqhwatywa emqolo.Ngaphaya koko, ukunqongophala kokuthethelelwa ngokomthetho kuthetha ukuba ukubamba akunakuthethelelwa ngokuzikhusela, ukukhuselwa kwabanye, okanye igunya elisemthethweni.
Iziphumo zohlaselo zinokuba mbi kakhulu kuba kunyhasha amalungelo omntu kwaye kunokubangela ukwenzakala emzimbeni nasemoyeni.Kwimeko yomthetho, amaxhoba ohlaselo anokufuna imbuyekezo yamatyala ezonyango, intlungu nokubandezeleka, kunye neminye imonakalo ebangelwa kukuphathaphatha ngokungekho mthethweni.Ukongeza, abenzi bohlaselo banokujamelana nezityholo zolwaphulo-mthetho kunye nexesha lokuvalelwa entolongweni, kuxhomekeke kubukhulu bolwaphulo-mthetho kunye nemithetho yolawulo apho ulwaphulo-mthetho lwenzeke khona.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba inkcazo esemthethweni yohlaselo inokwahluka ukusuka kulawulo ukuya kulawulo, njengoko amazwe ahlukeneyo kunye namazwe anemithetho yawo kunye nomthetho wetyala omisela umda wolu lwaphulo-mthetho.Nangona kunjalo, imigaqo esisiseko yokunxibelelana ngokomzimba ngabom kunye nokungekho mthethweni ihlala ihambelana kuzo zonke iinkqubo zomthetho.
Isishwankathelo, iibhetri ziqulethe iimpembelelo zobugcisa kunye nezomthetho.Ukusuka kumbono wobugcisa, sisixhobo esibalulekileyo sokugcina amandla esinokunika amandla ahlukeneyo ezixhobo zombane.Kwinkundla yezomthetho, kubhekiselwa ekudibaneni ngokomzimba ngabom nangokungekho mthethweni nomnye umntu, nto leyo ebandakanya ityala loluntu.Ukuqonda iintsingiselo ezimbini zeebhetri kubalulekile ekuhambeni kwihlabathi letekhnoloji kunye nenkqubo yezomthetho entsonkothileyo.Nokuba kukuqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo zakho zombane ziyasebenza okanye zihlonipha imida yobuqu yabanye, ingqikelelo yeebhetri inefuthe elibalulekileyo kuzo zonke iinkalo zobomi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-12-2024