Iibhetri zeLithium zikho kuyo yonke indawo emsebenzini nasebomini bethu.Ukusuka kwizixhobo zombane ezifana neefowuni eziphathwayo kunye neelaptops ukuya kwizithuthi zamandla amatsha, iibhetri ze-lithium-ion zifumaneka kwiimeko ezininzi.Ngobukhulu babo obuncinci, ukusebenza okuzinzileyo, kunye nokuphinda kusetyenziswe ngcono, banceda abantu ukuba basebenzise amandla acocekileyo.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, i-China ingene phambili kwihlabathi kuphando oluphambili lweteknoloji kunye nophuhliso, ukulungiswa kwezinto eziphathekayo, ukuveliswa kwebhetri kunye nokusetyenziswa kweebhetri ze-ion sodium.
Inzuzo enkulu yokugcina
Okwangoku, ukugcinwa kwamandla e-electrochemical emele iibhetri ze-lithium-ion kukhawulezisa ukuphuhliswa kwayo.Iibhetri ze-ion zeLithium zinamandla athile aphezulu, amandla athile, ukusebenza kakuhle kokukhutshwa kwentlawulo, kunye nombane ophumayo, kwaye zinobomi obude benkonzo kunye nokuzikhupha okuncinci, okubenza babe bubuchwephesha bokugcina amandla.Ngokunciphisa iindleko zokuvelisa, iibhetri ze-lithium-ion zifakwe kwizinga elikhulu kwintsimi yokugcina amandla e-electrochemical, kunye nokukhula okunamandla.
Ngokutsho kwedatha evela kwiSebe lezoShishino kunye neTekhnoloji yoLwazi, amandla amatsha afakiweyo okugcinwa kwamandla amatsha e-China anyuke nge-200% ngonyaka-ngonyaka kwi-2022. Ngaphezulu kwe-20 yeeprojekthi zenqanaba le-megawatt ezilikhulu ziphumelele ukusebenza kwegridi edibeneyo, kunye nebhetri ye-lithium. Ugcino lwamandla lubalelwa kwi-97% yomthamo omtsha ofakiweyo.
“Itekhnoloji yogcino lwamandla likhonkco eliphambili ekuziqhelaniseni nasekuphumezeni utshintsho olutsha lwamandla.Kumxholo wesicwangciso sokujoliswa kwekhabhoni ezimbini, indawo yokugcina amandla yaseTshayina iphuhle ngokukhawuleza. ”I-Sun Jinhua, i-academician ye-European Academy of Sciences kunye noprofesa kwiYunivesithi yeSayensi kunye neTekhnoloji yaseChina, yachaza ngokucacileyo ukuba imeko yangoku yokugcina amandla amatsha ilawulwa "yi-lithium enye".
Phakathi kweetekhnoloji ezininzi zokugcina amandla e-electrochemical, iibhetri ze-lithium-ion zithathe indawo ephezulu kwizixhobo zombane eziphathwayo kunye nezithuthi zamandla amatsha, zenza ikhonkco elipheleleyo lemizi-mveliso.Nangona kunjalo, ngexesha elifanayo, iintsilelo zeebhetri ze-lithium-ion ziye zatsala ingqalelo.
Ukunqongophala kobutyebi yenye yazo.Iingcali zithi ngokwembono yehlabathi, ukuhanjiswa kwemithombo ye-lithium ayilingani ngokugqithisileyo, malunga ne-70% isasazwa eMzantsi Melika, kwaye i-lithium yase-China i-akhawunti kuphela kwi-6% yehlabathi lonke.
Indlela yokuphuhlisa iteknoloji yebhetri yokugcina amandla engathembeli kwizinto ezinqabileyo kwaye ineendleko eziphantsi?Isantya sokuphucula iteknoloji entsha yokugcina amandla emele iibhetri ze-sodium ion ziyakhawuleza.
Ngokufana neebhetri ze-lithium-ion, iibhetri ze-sodium ion iibhetri zesibini ezixhomekeke kwi-sodium ion ukuhamba phakathi kwee-electrodes ezintle kunye nezibi ukugqiba ukutshaja nokukhupha imisebenzi.U-Li Jianlin, uNobhala Jikelele weKomiti yeMigangatho yokuGcinwa kwaMandla we-China Electrotechnical Society, wathi kwihlabathi jikelele, oovimba besodium bangaphezulu kakhulu kwizinto ze-lithium kwaye zisasazwa ngokubanzi.Iindleko zeebhetri ze-sodium ion ziyi-30% -40% ephantsi kuneebhetri ze-lithium.Ngelo xesha, iibhetri ze-sodium ion zinokhuseleko olungcono kunye nokusebenza okuphantsi kweqondo lokushisa, kunye nobomi bomjikelezo omude, okwenza kube yindlela ebalulekileyo yezobuchwepheshe yokusombulula intlungu "ye-lithium enye ilawula".
Amathemba amahle kwezoshishino
I-China ifaka ukubaluleka okukhulu kuphando kunye nokusetyenziswa kweebhetri ze-sodium ion.Kwi-2022, i-China iya kubandakanya iibhetri ze-sodium ion kwi-14th iSicwangciso seMinyaka emiHlanu yeSayensi kunye neTekhnoloji yoBuchule kwiNdawo yaMandla, ukuxhasa uphando kunye nophuhliso lobugcisa obunqamlekileyo kunye nezixhobo zeteknoloji eziphambili kwiibhetri ze-sodium ion.NgoJanuwari ka-2023, uMphathiswa wezoShishino kunye neTekhnoloji yoLwazi kunye namanye amasebe amathandathu ngokudibeneyo akhuphe iimbono eziKhokelayo ekuKhuthazeni uPhuhliso loShishino lwe-Energy Electronics, ecacisa ukomelezwa kwenkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji kushishino lweebhetri ezintsha zokugcina amandla, uphando kunye nokuphumelela kwizinto eziphambili. itekhnoloji efana nobomi obude kunye neenkqubo zebhetri zokhuseleko oluphezulu, ubungakanani obukhulu, umthamo omkhulu, kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla ngokufanelekileyo, kunye nokukhawulezisa uphando kunye nophuhliso lweentlobo ezintsha zeebhetri ezifana neebhetri ze-sodium ion.
U-Yu Qingjiao, uNobhala Jikelele weZhongguancun New Battery Technology Innovation Alliance, uthe i-2023 yaziwa ngokuba "ngunyaka wokuqala wokuvelisa" iibhetri zesodium kwishishini, kwaye imarike yebhetri ye-sodium yaseTshayina iyakhula.Kwixesha elizayo, iibhetri zesodium ziya kuba sisongezelelo esinamandla kwitekhnoloji yebhetri ye-lithium kumacandelo amaninzi anjengeemoto zombane ezinamavili amabini okanye amathathu, ukugcinwa kwamandla endlu, ukugcinwa kwamandla oshishino kunye nezorhwebo, kunye nezithuthi zamandla amatsha.
NgoJanuwari walo nyaka, isithuthi samandla esitsha saseTshayina iJianghuai Yttrium yazisa isithuthi sokuqala sebhetri yesodium.Ngo-2023, iiseli zebhetri ye-sodium ion yokuqala ye-CATL yasungulwa kwaye yahlala.Iseli yebhetri inokuhlawuliswa kwiqondo lokushisa kwegumbi imizuzu eyi-15, inamandla ebhetri angaphezu kwama-80%.Akunjalo kuphela ixabiso eliphantsi, kodwa ikhonkco leshishini liya kufezekisa ukutshaja okuzimeleyo kunye nokulawulwayo.
Ekupheleni konyaka odlulileyo, uLawulo lweSizwe lwaMandla lubhengeze iprojekthi yokubonisa iprojekthi yokugcinwa kwamandla amatsha.Phakathi kweeprojekthi ezicwangcisiweyo ze-56, kukho iiprojekthi ezimbini zebhetri ye-sodium ion.Kwimbono kaWu Hui, uMongameli we-China Battery Industry Research Institute, inkqubo yoshishino lweebhetri ze-sodium ion ikhula ngokukhawuleza.Ngokwezibalo, ngo-2030, imfuno yehlabathi yokugcina amandla iya kufikelela malunga ne-1.5 yeeyure ze-terawatt (TWh), kwaye iibhetri ze-ion ion kulindeleke ukuba zifumane indawo yentengiso ebalulekileyo."Ukususela kwigridi yokugcinwa kwamandla kwimizi-mveliso kunye neyorhwebo yokugcina amandla, kwaye emva koko kwikhaya kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla aphathwayo, yonke imveliso yokugcina amandla iya kusebenzisa kakhulu umbane we-sodium kwixesha elizayo," kusho uWu Hui.
Indlela ende yesicelo
Okwangoku, iibhetri ze-sodium ion zifumana ingqalelo kumazwe ahlukeneyo.I-Nihon Keizai Shimbun yakha yabika ukuba ngoDisemba ka-2022, amalungelo awodwa omenzi wechiza kwibala leebhetri ze-ion zesodium zibalelwa ngaphezulu kwe-50% yamalungelo awodwa abenzi behlabathi asebenzayo, kwaye iJapan, iUnited States, uMzantsi Korea kunye neFrance zibekwe kwindawo yesibini ukuya kweyesihlanu ngokulandelelanayo.U-Sun Jinhua uthe ukongeza kwi-China ikhawulezisa ngokucacileyo ukuphumelela kunye nosetyenziso olukhulu lwetekhnoloji ye-sodium ion ibhetri, amazwe amaninzi aseYurophu, eMelika naseAsia afake neebhetri ze-ion zesodium kwinkqubo yophuhliso lweebhetri zokugcina amandla.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-26-2024