KwiNkomfa yeBattery yaMandla eHlabathi ye-2022, uZeng Yuqun, usihlalo weCATL (300750) (SZ300750, ixabiso lesitokhwe i-532 yuan, ixabiso lemarike i-1.3 trillion yuan), wathi iibhetri zihluke kwioli.I-oyile ayisekho emva kokusetyenziswa, kwaye uninzi lwezixhobo ezikwibhetri Zonke ziyarisayikilishwa."Thatha iBangpu yethu njengomzekelo, izinga lokubuyisela i-nickel, i-cobalt, kunye ne-manganese lifikelele kwi-99.3%, kwaye izinga lokubuyisela i-lithium lifikelele ngaphezu kwe-90%.
Nangona kunjalo, le nkcazo iye yabuzwa ngabantu abanxulumene ne "Lithium King" i-Tianqi Lithium Industry (002466) (SZ002466, ixabiso le-stock 116.85 yuan, ixabiso lemarike 191.8 billion yuan).Ngokutsho kweMali yaseMzantsi, umntu ovela kwisebe lolawulo lotyalo-mali lwe-Tianqi Lithium Industry uthe i-lithium yokuphinda isetyenziswe kwiibhetri ze-lithium inokwenzeka ngokwethiyori, kodwa ukuphinda kusetyenziswe kwakhona kunye nokusetyenziswa kwakhona akunakufezekiswa kwizicelo zorhwebo.
Ukuba ayenzi ngqiqweni kakhulu “ukuxoxa ngezinga lokurisayikilisha ngaphandle komthamo wokurisayikilishwa”, ngaba ukurisayikilishwa kwangoku kwezixhobo ngokuhlaziya ibhetri kunokwanelisa imfuno yemarike yezibonelelo ze-lithium?
Ukurisayikilisha ibhetri: igcwele iimbono, ibhityile yenyani
U-Yu Qingjiao, usihlalo weKomiti yeBattery ye-100 kunye nonobhala-jikelele we-Zhongguancun (000931) i-New Battery Technology Innovation Alliance, uthe kudliwano-ndlebe lwe-WeChat kunye nentatheli evela kwi "Daily Economic News" ngoJulayi 23 ukuba ukunikezelwa kwangoku kwe-lithium kusekho. ithembele kwimithombo ye-lithium yaphesheya ngenxa yobungakanani bokurisayikilisha ibhetri.Incinci ngokwentelekiso.
Umthamo wokuhlaziya iibhetri ezisetyenzisiweyo ze-lithium-ion e-China ngo-2021 uphezulu ukuya kutsho kwiitoni ezingama-591,000, apho ithiyori yokuhlaziya iibhetri ezisetyenzisiweyo ziitoni ezingama-294,000, umthamo wethiyori wokurisayikilisha we-3C kunye namandla amancinci asetyenzisiweyo iibhetri ze-lithium-ion. yi-242,000 yeetoni, kunye nethiyori yomthamo wokurisayikilisha kwezinye izinto ezilahlwayo ezinxulumeneyo Umthamo ziitoni ezingama-55,000.Kodwa oku kuphela kwithiyori.Ngapha koko, ngenxa yezinto ezinje ngeetshaneli zokuphinda zisetyenziswe kakubi, elona xabiso liza kuthotywa,” utshilo uYu Qingjiao.
U-Mo Ke, umhlalutyi oyintloko we-True Lithium Research, uxelele iintatheli kudliwano-ndlebe lomnxeba ukuba i-Tianqi Lithium ilungile ukuba "ayizange ibonwe ngokurhweba" kuba ubunzima obukhulu ngoku yindlela yokubuyisela kwakhona iibhetri.“Okwangoku, ukuba unazo iziqinisekiso, lishishini lokurisayikilisha ibhetri ye-lithium, kwaye isixa seebhetri ezisetyenzisiweyo esinokuthi sisebenziseke simalunga ne-10% ukuya kwi-20% yemarike yonke.
U-Lin Shi, usekela-Nobhala-jikelele we-Intelligent Network Professional Committee ye-China Communications Industry Association, uxelele iintatheli kudliwanondlebe lwe-WeChat: "Kufuneka sithathele ingqalelo into ethethwe nguZeng Yuqun: 'Ngo-2035, sinokuphinda sisebenzise izinto ezivela kwiibhetri ezisele zidla umhlala-phantsi ukuya. ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zenani elikhulu labantu.Inxalenye yemfuno yentengiso', ngu-2022 kuphela, ngubani owaziyo ukuba kuya kwenzeka ntoni kwiminyaka eli-13?
U-Lin Shi ukholelwa ukuba ukuba inokuthengiswa kwizinga elikhulu kwiminyaka engaphezu kweshumi, izinto ze-lithium ziseza kuba nexhala kakhulu ubuncinane kwikamva elikufutshane.“Amanzi akude akanako ukuphelisa unxano.”
“Enyanisweni, sonke siyabona ngoku ukuba iimoto zamandla amatsha zikhula ngokukhawuleza, umbane webhetri uxinene kakhulu, kwaye nezinto ezisetyenziswayo zikwanqongophele.Ndicinga ukuba ishishini langoku lokurisayikilisha ibhetri lisekwinqanaba lentelekelelo.Ndisenethemba malunga neenkampani ezidweliswe kwizinto ze-lithium kwisiqingatha sesibini sonyaka.Le nkalo yoshishino Imeko yezinto ezinqongopheleyo ze-lithium kunzima ukutshintsha, "kusho uLin Shi.
Ingabonwa ukuba ishishini lokuphinda lisetyenziswe ibhetri likwinqanaba lokuqala lophuhliso.Kunzima ukuzalisa i-gap yokubonelela ngezixhobo ze-lithium ngokuphinda kusetyenziswe izixhobo.Ngoko ngaba oku kunokwenzeka kwixesha elizayo?
U-Yu Qingjiao ukholelwa ukuba kwixesha elizayo, iitshaneli zokuhlaziya ibhetri ziya kuba sesinye seendlela eziphambili zokubonelela nge-nickel, i-cobalt, i-lithium kunye nezinye izixhobo.Kuqikelelwa ngokongayo ukuba emva ko-2030, kunokwenzeka ukuba i-50% yezi zibonelelo zingentla ziyakuvela kuhlaziyo.
INdawo yoku-1 ye-Industry Pain: Imali embi ikhupha imali elungileyo
Nangona "iyona nto ifanelekileyo igcwele", inkqubo yokuqonda into efanelekileyo inzima kakhulu.Kwiinkampani ezisebenza ngokutsha iibhetri, basajongene nemeko ehlazisayo yokuba "umkhosi oqhelekileyo awunakoyisa iindibano zocweyo ezincinci."
U-Mo Ke uthe: “Enyanisweni, uninzi lweebhetri zinokuqokelelwa ngoku, kodwa uninzi lwazo zithathwa ziindibano zocweyo ezincinci ezingenazo iziqinisekiso.
Kutheni le nto isenzeka "yemali embi ekhupha imali elungileyo"?UMo Ke uthe emva kokuba umthengi ethenge imoto, ubunini bebhetri bobomthengi, hayi umenzi wesithuthi, ngoko ke lowo unexabiso eliphezulu uya kutyekela ukuyifumana.
Iindibano zocweyo ezincinci zihlala zibonelela ngamaxabiso aphezulu.Umntu ongaphakathi kwishishini owake wasebenza njengomphathi kwinkampani ehamba phambili yokubuyisela ibhetri yasekhaya uxelele intatheli yeDaily Economic News kwifowuni ukuba ibhidi ephezulu kungenxa yokuba iworkshop encinci ayizange yakhe izibonelelo ezixhasayo ngokuhambelana neemfuno zemimiselo, ezinje. njengonyango lokhuselo lokusingqongileyo, ukucocwa kogutyulo kunye nezinye izixhobo.
“Ukuba eli shishini lifuna ukukhula ngokusempilweni, kufuneka lenze utyalo-mali oluhambelanayo.Umzekelo, xa kuphinda kusetyenziswe i-lithium, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kubakho ugutyulo, amanzi amdaka, nerhasi eyinkunkuma, kwaye kufuneka kwakhiwe iindawo zokukhusela indalo.Abangaphakathi kwishishini elikhankanywe ngasentla bathi utyalo-mali kumaziko okukhusela okusingqongileyo lukhulu kakhulu.Ewe, inokubiza ngokulula ngaphezulu kwebhiliyoni enye yeeyuan.
Umzi-mveliso wangaphakathi uthe iindleko zokuphinda usebenzise itoni enye ye-lithium inokuba ngamawaka aliqela, avela kumaziko okhuseleko lokusingqongileyo.Akunakwenzeka ukuba iiworkshops ezincinci zityale imali kuyo, ngoko ke zinokubhida phezulu xa kuthelekiswa, kodwa enyanisweni Ayisiyonzuzo kuphuhliso lweshishini.
INdawo ye-Industry Pain 2: Ixabiso eliphezulu leNkunkuma yeebhetri
Ukongeza, ngamaxabiso aphezulu ezinto ezingasetyenziswanga ezinyukayo, iinkampani zokurisayikilisha iibhetri zamandla nazo zijongene nengxaki “yamaxabiso aphezulu ebhetri esele esidla umhlala-phantsi” anyusa iindleko zokurisayikilisha.
U-Mo Ke uthe: “Ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kwindawo yomthombo onyukayo kuya kwenza icala lemfuno ligxile ngakumbi kwindawo yokurisayikilisha.Kubekho ixesha ekupheleni konyaka ophelileyo kwaye ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka ukuba iibhetri ezisetyenzisiweyo zazibiza kakhulu kuneebhetri ezintsha.Esi sisizathu. ”
U-Mo Ke uthe xa amaqela emfuno esezantsi etyikitya iikhontrakthi neenkampani ezirisayikilisha, ziya kuvumelana ngokubonelela ngezixhobo.Kwixesha elidlulileyo, icala lemfuno lalisoloko lingayiboni into yokuba isivumelwano sifezekisiwe, kwaye alikhathali kakhulu malunga nesixa sezibonelelo ezisetyenzisiweyo.Nangona kunjalo, xa amaxabiso oncedo enyuka kakhulu, ukuze kuncitshiswe iindleko, aya kufuna iinkampani zokurisayikilisha Ngokungqongqo Ukuzalisekisa ikontrakthi inyanzelisa iinkampani ezisebenza ngokutsha ukuba zithathe iibhetri ezisetyenzisiweyo kwaye zinyuse ixabiso leebhetri ezisetyenzisiweyo.
U-Yu Qingjiao uthe ixabiso lexabiso leebhetri ze-lithium ezisetyenzisiweyo, iipleyiti ze-electrode, umgubo omnyama webhetri, njl njl.Ngaphambili, ngenxa yokunyuka kwamaxabiso ezinto zebhetri kunye nokuphakama kweendlela zokuziphatha eziqikelelwayo ezifana "nokugcinwa kweemali" kunye "ne-hype", iibhetri zamandla ezisetyenzisiweyo Amaxabiso okubuyisela kwakhona anyuke kakhulu.Kungekudala, njengoko amaxabiso ezinto ezifana ne-lithium carbonate ezinzile, ukuguquguquka kwexabiso ekuhlaziyweni kweebhetri zamandla ezisetyenzisiweyo kuye kwaba mnene.
Ngoko ke, indlela yokujongana neengxaki ezikhankanywe ngasentla "yemali embi ikhupha imali enhle" kunye "nexabiso eliphakamileyo leebhetri ezisetyenzisiweyo" kunye nokukhuthaza uphuhliso olunempilo lweshishini lokuphinda lisetyenziswe ibhetri?
UMo Ke ukholelwa ukuba: “Iibhetri zenkunkuma yimigodi yasezidolophini.Kwiinkampani zokurisayikilisha, ngokwenene zithenga 'imigodi'.Into ekufuneka beyenzile kukufumana iindlela zokuqinisekisa unikezelo lwabo 'lwemigodi'.Ewe, indlela yokuzinzisa 'imigodi' Ixabiso ikwayenye yezona ngqwalasela ibalulekileyo, kwaye isisombululo kukwakha imijelo yayo yokurisayikilisha.”
UYu Qingjiao unike iingcebiso ezintathu: “Okokuqala, yenza ucwangciso olukwinqanaba eliphezulu ukusuka kwinqanaba likazwelonke, kwangaxeshanye uqinise imigaqo-nkqubo yenkxaso kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yolawulo, kwaye ulungelelanise ishishini lokuhlaziya iibhetri;okwesibini, ukuphucula ukusetyenzwa kwakhona kwebhetri, uthutho, ukugcinwa kunye neminye imigangatho, kunye nokuvelisa ubuchwepheshe obutsha kunye nemifuziselo yezoshishino, ukuphucula izinga lokurisayikilisha kwezinto ezifanelekileyo kunye nokwandisa inzuzo yenkampani;okwesithathu, lawula ngokungqongqo umgaqo-nkqubo, ukukhuthaza ukuphunyezwa kweeprojekthi ezifanelekileyo zokubonisa inyathelo ngenyathelo kwaye uziqhelanise neemeko zasekhaya, kwaye ulumkele ukusungula ngokumfamekileyo iiprojekthi zokusetyenziswa kwemigangatho yasekhaya.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-23-2023