Zeziphi iibhetri zelanga ezihlala ixesha elide?

Iiseli zelanga ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yayo nayiphi na inkqubo yamandla elanga kuba zigcina amandla aveliswa ziipaneli zelanga ukuze zisetyenziswe xa ukukhanya kwelanga kusezantsi okanye ebusuku.Njengoko amandla elanga ethandwa kakhulu, imfuno yeeseli zelanga ezithembekileyo kunye nexesha elide liqhubeka likhula.Ngoko ke, abathengi abaninzi bafuna ulwazi malunga nokuba iiseli zelanga zihlala ixesha elide.Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeeseli zelanga ezikhoyo kwaye sixoxe ukuba zeziphi ezaziwa ngokuhlala kunye nokuphila ixesha elide.

Kukho izinto ezininzi ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe xa ukhetha iseli yelanga efanelekileyo.Ezi ziquka uhlobo lwebhetri, umthamo, ubomi bomjikelezo kunye nokusebenza ngokubanzi.Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeeseli zelanga zineempawu ezahlukeneyo kwaye zenzelwe ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zokugcina amandla.Ezinye zezona ntlobo zebhetri eziqhelekileyo zelanga ziquka iibhetri ze-lead-acid, iibhetri ze-lithium-ion, kunye neebhetri zokuhamba.

Iibhetri ze-lead-acid zisetyenziswe amashumi eminyaka kwaye ziyaziwa ngokuthembeka kwazo kunye neendleko eziphantsi.Nangona kunjalo, banobomi bomjikelo obulinganiselweyo kwaye banokufuna ukugcinwa kwamaxesha athile.Iibhetri zeLithium-ion, kwelinye icala, ziya zithandwa kakhulu ngenxa yoxinano lwazo oluphezulu, ubomi bomjikelo omde, kunye neemfuno zokugcinwa okuphantsi.Nangona zixhaphake kakhulu, iibhetri eziqukuqelayo ziyaziwa ngokunyuka kwazo kunye nobomi bomjikelo omde, nto leyo ezenza zilungele usetyenziso olukhulu lokugcina amandla.

Iibhetri ze-lithium-ion ngokuqhelekileyo zibhekwa njengeyona nto ingcono kakhulu kwixesha elide.Ezi bhetri ziyaziwa ngokuxinana kwamandla aphezulu, okubavumela ukuba bagcine ubuninzi bamandla kwindawo edibeneyo.Ukongeza, iibhetri ze-lithium-ion zinobomi bomjikelo omde, oku kuthetha ukuba banokuhlawuliswa kwaye bakhululwe ngamaxesha angamawaka ngaphandle kokuthotywa okukhulu.Oku kubenza balungele iinkqubo zamandla elanga njengoko zinokubonelela ngeminyaka yokugcina amandla athembekileyo.

Enye yezinto eziphambili ezichaphazela ubomi beseli yelanga bubomi bayo bomjikelezo.Ubomi bomjikelo bubhekisa kwinani lentlawulo kunye nemijikelo yokukhupha ibhetri enokuthi ingene kuyo phambi kokuba umthamo wayo wehle kakhulu.Kwiiseli zelanga, ubomi bomjikelezo obude bufunekayo njengoko buqinisekisa ukuba ibhetri inokuqhubeka nokugcina nokuhambisa amandla ngokufanelekileyo kwixesha elide.Iibhetri zeLithium-ion ziyaziwa ngobomi bazo bomjikelezo omangalisayo, kunye nezinye iimodeli ezikwazi ukuhlala amaxesha angama-10,000 nangaphezulu.

Olunye uqwalaselo olubalulekileyo xa kuvavanywa ubomi beeseli zelanga yindlela amandla ayo agcinwa ngayo ngokuhamba kwexesha.Njengoko ibhetri iguga, ukukwazi kwayo ukugcina intlawulo kunokuncipha.Nangona kunjalo, iibhetri ze-lithium-ion ziyaziwa ngogcino lwazo oluhle kakhulu, kunye neemodeli ezininzi ezigcina i-80% okanye ngaphezulu komthamo wazo wokuqala emva kwamawaka emijikelezo.Oku kuthetha ukuba nangemva kweminyaka yokusetyenziswa, iibhetri ze-lithium-ion zisenokubonelela ngokugcinwa kwamandla okubalulekileyo kwiinkqubo zamandla elanga.

Ukongeza kubomi bomjikelezo kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla, ukusebenza ngokubanzi kweseli yelanga nako kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekumiseleni ixesha elide.Iiseli zelanga ezikumgangatho ophezulu zenzelwe ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo nangokuthembeka naphantsi kweemeko ezinzima.Oku kubandakanya izinto ezifana nokunyamezela ubushushu, ubunzulu bokukhutshwa, kunye nokukwazi ukumelana nokuhlawulwa rhoqo kunye nemijikelezo yokukhupha.Iibhetri ze-lithium-ion ziyaziwa ngokusebenza kwazo kakuhle kwezi ndawo, okwenza kube yinto yokuqala yokukhetha ukugcina amandla elanga ahlala ixesha elide.

Xa ukhetha iseli yelanga eya kuhlala ixesha elide, kufuneka uqwalasele iimfuno ezithile zenkqubo yakho yamandla elanga.Izinto ezifana nobukhulu benkqubo, iimfuno zokugcina amandla kunye nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali zonke zinefuthe ekukhethweni kweeseli zelanga.Ukufakwa kwendawo yokuhlala yelanga, iibhetri ze-lithium-ion zihlala zikhethwa ngenxa yobuninzi bamandla abo, ubomi bomjikelezo omde kunye neemfuno zokugcinwa okuphantsi.Ezi bhetri zinokubonelela ngokugcinwa kwamandla okuthembekileyo kumakhaya kwaye zinokudibaniswa lula kwiinkqubo ezikhoyo zamandla elanga.

Kwiinkqubo ezinkulu zokugcina amandla elanga, njengeeprojekthi zorhwebo okanye eziluncedo, iibhetri zokuhamba zinokuba yinto efanelekileyo.Iibhetri eziqukuqelayo ziyaziwa ngobomi bazo bomjikelo omde kunye nokwaleka, nto leyo ezenza zilungele ukugcina isixa esikhulu samandla.Ngelixa banokuba neendleko eziphezulu eziphezulu xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iintlobo zebhetri, ixesha elide kunye nokusebenza kwabo kubenza babe isisombululo esineendleko eziphezulu kwiimfuno zokugcina amandla ixesha elide.

Ukuqukumbela, kwiiseli zelanga, ixesha elide liyinto ephambili ekufuneka iqwalaselwe.Iibhetri zeLithium-ion zamkelwa ngokubanzi ngokuhlala kwazo ixesha elide kunye nobomi bomjikelo omde, nto leyo ezenza zibe lolona khetho lubalaseleyo kwiinkqubo zamandla elanga.Ngoxinano lwamandla aphezulu, ukugcinwa kwamandla kunye nokusebenza ngokubanzi, iibhetri ze-lithium-ion zinokubonelela ngokugcinwa kwamandla okuthembekileyo kwiindawo zokuhlala kunye nokuthengiswa kwe-solar.Njengoko imfuno yamandla elanga iqhubeka ikhula, utyalo-mali kwiiseli zelanga ezikumgangatho ophezulu kunye nexesha elide lokuphila kubalulekile ekwandiseni izibonelelo zamandla elanga kunye nokuqinisekisa ikamva lamandla azinzileyo.